边缘智能中低成本的快速自适应模型部署与更新方法
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国家自然科学基金(62202019); 北京市自然科学基金(4262021)


Low-cost and Rapidly Adaptive Model Deployment and Update Method for Edge Intelligence
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    摘要:

    边缘智能通过在网络边缘部署模型, 能有效降低数据传输延迟并缓解中心云的计算压力. 然而, 模型在边缘侧的部署与持续更新, 使部署效率与成本成为评估系统性能的关键指标. 尽管已有研究提出多种策略以权衡模型精度与部署成本, 但在服务请求多变且资源受限的实际环境中, 现有方法仍难以实现高效、自适应的部署与更新. 针对这一问题, 提出一种面向边缘智能的低成本快速自适应模型部署与更新策略PACE, 旨在动态环境中以更低的部署成本实现对服务需求的高效响应, 从而提升边缘智能系统的持续服务能力与性能. 具体而言, 该方法通过挖掘模型间的共享特性, 对不同阶段的部署成本进行精细化建模, 并结合模型信息年龄(age of information, AOI)构建性能评估模型, 从而实现更高成本效益的部署决策. 在此基础上, 引入元强化学习以学习任务变化的先验知识, 并结合变分贝叶斯网络实现在线优化, 从而增强模型部署策略在动态环境下的快速自适应能力. 最后, 从泛化性与收敛性两个方面验证PACE的理论有效性. 基于合成的 Zipf 请求分布对所提出的PACE方法进行评估. 实验结果表明, PACE 在任务频繁变化的场景中能够实现高效的自适应部署, 在显著降低模型部署成本的同时, 仍可维持可接受的模型精度与系统响应效率.

    Abstract:

    Edge intelligence places models at the network edge, effectively reducing data transmission latency and alleviating the computational load on the central cloud. However, the deployment and continuous updating of models at the edge make deployment efficiency and cost key criteria for evaluating system performance. Although prior work has proposed various strategies to balance model accuracy and deployment costs, in practical settings with volatile service demands and constrained resources, existing methods still struggle to achieve efficient and adaptive deployment and updates. To address this challenge, this study proposes PACE, a low-cost and rapidly adaptive model deployment and update strategy for edge intelligence. PACE aims to achieve efficient responses to dynamic service demands with lower deployment costs, thus enhancing the sustained service capability and performance of edge intelligence systems. Specifically, shared characteristics among models are exploited to perform fine-grained modeling of deployment costs at different stages, and the age of information (AOI) is incorporated to construct a performance evaluation model, thus enabling more cost-effective deployment decisions. On this basis, meta-reinforcement learning is introduced to learn prior knowledge of task variations, and a variational Bayesian network is combined to achieve online optimization, thus enhancing the rapid adaptability of the deployment strategy in dynamic environments. Finally, the effectiveness of PACE is theoretically validated from the perspectives of generalization and convergence. The evaluation is conducted using a synthetic Zipf request distribution. Experimental results show that, in scenarios with frequently changing tasks, PACE achieves efficient adaptive deployment, significantly reducing model deployment costs while maintaining acceptable model accuracy and system response efficiency.

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滕自怡,方娟,刘雅祺,张梦媛,陈慧杰.边缘智能中低成本的快速自适应模型部署与更新方法.软件学报,,():1-20

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  • 收稿日期:2025-10-21
  • 最后修改日期:2025-12-19
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-07-08
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