| 摘要: |
| 为解决量子通信过程中的身份认证及协议的可实现性问题, 提出一种基于测量设备无关的带身份认证服务器的量子安全直接通信协议, 并依据该协议提出一种量子投票方案. 所提方案利用测量设备无关的量子密钥分配, 完备的量子加密, 以及经典的一次一密等技术, 不仅理论上确保方案的无条件安全性, 而在实际上也避免外部攻击者对测量设备漏洞的攻击. 此外, 所提方案使用BB84态的弱相干脉冲作为量子资源, 仅实施单粒子操作, 以及识别Bell态的测量. 因此, 基于现有技术, 所提方案具有良好的可实现性. 同时所提方案扩展了身份认证功能, 引入比特承诺, 使得监票人可以验证投票信息的完整性和正确性. 仿真结果和分析表明, 所提方案是正确的并具有理论上无条件的安全性, 即信息理论安全. 相较于现有的量子投票方案, 所提方案具有更好的可行性. |
| 关键词: 量子投票 量子安全直接通信 测量设备无关 身份认证 |
| DOI：10.13328/j.cnki.jos.006738 |
| 分类号:TP309 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(61772001) |
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| Measurement-device-independent Quantum Voting Scheme with Identity Authentication |
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KE Wei-Yang, SHI Run-Hua
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School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study proposes a measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol with an identity authentication server to solve the problems concerning identity authentication and protocol feasibility during quantum communication and further puts forward a quantum voting scheme on the basis of the proposed MDI-QSDC protocol. This scheme takes advantage of various technologies, such as MDI quantum key distribution, perfect quantum encryption, and the classical one-time pad. In this way, it not only ensures its unconditional security in theory but also avoids the attack of the vulnerabilities of the measurement equipment by outside attackers in practice. Furthermore, this scheme takes the weak coherent pulses in the BB84 state as quantum resources and only performs single-particle operations and the measurements for identifying Bell states. As a result, this scheme is highly feasible for the present technologies. In addition, it extends the identity authentication function and enables the scrutineer to verify the integrity and correctness of voting information by adopting the Bit Commitment. Simulation results and analysis show that the proposed scheme is correct and has unconditional security in theory, i.e., information-theoretic security. Compared with the existing quantum voting schemes, the proposed scheme is more feasible. |
| Key words: quantum voting quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) measurement-device-independent (MDI) identity authentication |
