| 摘要: |
| 无线传感器网络的固有通信特征会引发能耗不均衡现象,进而产生能量空洞问题;混合数据传输是新近提出的一种能量空洞避免策略,其能量均衡性能主要取决于各节点的传输概率.然而,传输概率的设置还缺乏相关理论模型的指导,而且在节点传输距离受限的条件下能否通过混合传输策略实现全网能量均衡,还有待进一步研究.将一维网络中混合传输策略的能量均衡问题转化为传输概率的优化分配问题,通过相应的形式化模型,推导传输概率的精确表达.研究中发现:传输概率主要取决于节点的位置,但当网络片段的个数超过某一阈值时,传输概率的取值非法,无法应用混合传输策略均衡网络能耗.在此基础上,从理论上给出了全网能量均衡的条件,证明仅当网络片段数不超过n0时全网能量均衡才能实现,n0仅取决于一个文中新发现的系数α,α是通信系统的能耗溢价率.还分析了传输距离设置对能量均衡的影响,给出了一般情况下混合传输策略的能量均衡上限.通过仿真实验对所给出的能量均衡条件进行了验证,实验结果与理论分析表明:该条件下,基于所提方法设置传输概率,能够均衡所有节点的能耗. |
| 关键词: 无线传感器网络 混合数据传输 全网能量均衡 传输概率 能量均衡条件 |
| DOI：10.13328/j.cnki.jos.004710 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重大科技专项(2012ZX03005007); 陕西省自然科学基金(2013JQ8041); 西北工业大学基础研究基金(JC201102 68) |
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| Energy Balance of Mixed Data Transmission in 1D Sensor Networks |
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XIA Xian-Jin, LI Shi-Ning, ZHANG Yu, LI Zhi-Gang, YANG Zhe
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School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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| Abstract: |
| Energy hole is an inherent problem in multi-hop sensor networks. It may cause the early death of some nodes and result in a short network lifetime. Mixed data transmission, which randomly propagates data one-hop or two-hop away in each step, has been developed for energy balancing. The performance of this scheme depends heavily on the setting of transmission probabilities. However, no general rules have been proposed to guide the calculation of these probabilities, and little study has done on whether the energy of all nodes are able to be balanced by this scheme, especially under the constraints of limited communication ranges. This paper formulates the problem of energy balancing as an optimal transmission probability allocation problem. It reveals that the transmission probability is mainly determined by the locations of each node; however, the values of the probability become invalid if the network size exceeds a threshold. This work theoretically investigates the energy balance conditions and presents guidelines for allocating the transmission probabilities. It proves that the global energy balance can be achieved if and only if the network size is not greater than n0. It further reveals that n0 only depends on the communication profiles of the network. Such a profile is indicated by a newly discovered parameter, which is defined as the premium power ratio of the system. Finally, it extends the two-hop based mixed data transmission scheme to a general model and investigates the impact of the combinations of transmission ranges on energy balancing. Comprehensive simulations are conducted to validate the energy balance conditions. Both the numerical results and theoretical analysis confirm that the global energy balance can be achieved if transmission probabilities are allocated according to the proposed rules. |
| Key words: wireless sensor network mixed data transmission global energy balance transmission probability energy balance condition |
