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| 基于量子Calderbank-Shor-Steane纠错码的量子安全直接通信 |
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吕欣1,2, 马智3, 冯登国4
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1.信息安全国家重点实验室(中国科学院 研究生院),北京,100049;2.国家信息中心,北京,100045;3.中国人民解放军信息工程大学信息研究系,河南,郑州,450002;4.信息安全国家重点实验室,中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049
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| 摘要: |
| 量子安全直接通信是继量子密钥分配之后提出的又一重要量子密码协议,它要求通信双方在预先不需要建立共享密钥的情况下就可以实现消息的保密传输.给出了一个新的量子安全直接通信方案,该方案利用量子Calderbank-Shor-Steane(CSS)纠错码和未知量子态不可克隆等性质,方案的安全性建立在求解一般的线性码的译码问题是一个NP完全问题、Goppa码有快速的译码算法和量子图灵机不能有效求解NP完全问题的基础上.在协议中,发送方Alice把要发送的秘密消息转化为一一对应的错误向量,把错误向量加到其接收到的、Bob编码过的量子态上,并发给接收方Bob.Bob利用其私钥,通过测量、解码可以得到错误向量,并可以用相应的算法恢复出秘密消息.控制量子信道的攻击者Eve不能恢复出秘密消息,因其不知道Bob的密钥.与已有的量子安全直接通信方案相比,该方案不需要交换任何额外的经典信息和建立量子纠缠信道. |
| 关键词: 信息安全 量子密码 安全直接通信 量子纠错码 |
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| 基金项目:Supposed by the National Science Foundation ofChina for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant No.60025205(国家杰出青年科学基金);the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60403004,60273027(国家自然科学基金);the Graduate Innovation Foundation of Chinese Academic of Sciences(中国科学院研究生创新基金) |
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| Quantum Secure Direct Communication Using Quantum Calderbank-Shor-Steane Error Correcting Codes |
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Lü Xin,MA Zhi,FENG Deng-Guo
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| Abstract: |
| The notion of quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) has been introduced recently in quantum cryptography as a replacement for quantum key distribution, in which two communication entities exchange secure classical messages without establishing any shared keys previously. In this paper, a quantum secure direct communication scheme using quantum Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) error correction codes is proposed. In the scheme, a secure message is first transformed into a binary error vector and then encrypted (decrypted) via quantum coding (decoding) procedures. An adversary Eve, who has controlled the communication channel, can't recover the secrete messages because she doesn't know the deciphering keys. Security of this scheme is based on the assumption that decoding general linear codes is intractable even on quantum computers. |
| Key words: information security quantum cryptography secure direct communication quantum error correction codes |
